Gukoresha amashanyarazi ni iki?
Mumagambo yoroshye, electroplating bivuga reaction ya electrolytique mugisubizo hifashishijwe umuyaga uturuka hanze kugirango ushyire icyuma cyangwa ibishishwa hejuru yumurongo wicyuma nkicyuma.
Ibyo bita reaction ya electrolytique bivuga "gukoresha imiyoboro ishimishije kugirango itere REDOX idahwitse".
Ikintu cyavuwe hejuru gishobora kuba ibyuma (nkibyuma) cyangwa bitari ibyuma (nka plastiki).
Ubwoko bwo kuvura hejuru ：
Gufata rop Amashanyarazi ating Amashanyarazi-ya catalitike Plat Gufata imiti Plat Amashanyarazi Plat Amashanyarazi ， Anodizing ating Guhindura imiti ating Kwirabura ， Fosifatiya ， Gukora ， Gukora amarangi Fin Kurangiza amarangi dip Guteranya acu Gushyira hamwe Plating Ion Plating ， Imiti Kubika imyuka ...
Uburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi:
Kwitegura:
Mbere yo gushiraho, hejuru yisahani, nkamavuta cyangwa umukungugu bigomba gusukurwa neza. Icyiciro kibanziriza kuvura mubisanzwe harimo gukoresha alkaline ibanza kumanuka, kumanuka kumashanyarazi no gutoragura kugirango ukureho ingese n'ingese, nubundi buryo bwo gukora hejuru. Uburyo bwihariye bwo kubanza kuvura bwateguwe ukurikije ubwoko bwamasahani hamwe nuburyo bukurikira. Mubyongeyeho, ibice bimwe byo gusya nka aluminium, ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa kole ya ABS bisaba kwitegura bidasanzwe.
Kugabanuka gushushe:
Nukoresha cyane cyane alkali na saponification yamavuta ya saponification kugirango ikureho umwanda wubutaka bwicyuma na oxyde, bigomba kuba bifite amazi, kwinjira, gutatanya ningaruka za emulisation.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa: sodium hydroxide, sodium karubone, sodium bicarbonate, sodium fosifate, trisodium fosifate, sodium pyrophosphate, gluconate na silikate, nibindi, ariko, kubera ibibazo by’ibidukikije, sisitemu ya fosifeti izagenda ikurwaho buhoro buhoro. Ikoresha cyane imbaraga za alkaline kugirango ikoreshwe muburyo butandukanye.
Ibyo bita interineti ikora agent ni emulifier, irashobora kugabanwa muri cationic, anionic, cationic na non-ionic interface ikora. Igomba kugira ingaruka zo gutatanya no kwigana, kwirinda amavuta areremba hejuru yubuvuzi, kugabanya kuvanwaho, no kugabanya ibibazo byo gukaraba nyuma.
Kugabanuka kwa electrolytike:
Bitewe na electrolysis, cathode itanga hydrogène kugirango igabanye ibyuma (isahani idafite ibyuma), naho anode itanga ogisijeni kandi igahindura umwanda (ibice); Gazi itwara ibikorwa bikurura kandi ikuraho umwanda. Imikorere ya lye ni ugusiba amavuta. Nyamara, cathode irashobora kubyara hydrogène yibintu, gutandukana kurubu bitanga ingaruka zitandukanye zo kwangirika, kandi gaze hamwe nigihu cyamazi cyabyaye icyarimwe gitera ibyago rusange nibibazo biturika, bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ukoresheje.
Kugeza ubu, kugabanuka gushushe no kugabanuka kwa electrolytike bikoreshwa hamwe. Ubwiza bwa electroplating nibyiza cyangwa bibi, 50% biterwa no kuvurwa mbere.
Igikorwa:
Gukora muri rusange substrate izwi kandi nko gutoragura, kutabogama aside cyangwa kuribwa, bitewe nibicuruzwa nibikoresho bivurwa. Irashobora gukuraho okiside n'umunyu hejuru yicyuma, kuburyo hejuru yicyuma byoroshye gufunga hamwe nicyuma gikurikira amashanyarazi. Ariko rero, birakenewe guhitamo witonze aside ikwiye hamwe na inhibitori ya ruswa kugirango wirinde isuri ikabije ya substrate, bikavamo ibibazo bya electroplating.
Amashanyarazi:
Gukoresha amashanyarazi ni inzira yo gushira icyuma cyoroshye cyane hejuru yuyobora kugirango ushushanye isahani cyangwa wirinde ingese. Amashanyarazi asanzwe muri Hong Kong arimo nikel, umuringa, umuringa, chromium, zinc, silver na zahabu. Usibye amashanyarazi, uburyo rusange bwo kuvura ibyuma ni amashanyarazi, anodizing no gushushanya.
Isahani y'umuringa:
Ahanini mubwogero bwa cyanide, kwiyuhagira aside sulfurike no kwiyuhagira aside pyrophosifike. Kwiyuhagira cyanide ikwiranye nicyuma na zinc alloy substrate. Hamwe na gloss agent ikwiye, igicucu cyiza gishobora kuboneka. Ubwuzuzanye bwa coating nibyiza, gukemura ibibazo bya plaque byakoreshejwe mumyaka myinshi, ariko igisubizo cyisahani kirimo uburozi bwinshi bwa cyanide, ikiguzi kinini cyo gutunganya amazi mabi, usibye gusiga amasahani hamwe na pre-plaque byasimbuwe buhoro buhoro.
Kwiyuhagira aside ya sulfure hamwe ninyongeramusaruro ikwiye, kuzura cyane hamwe nuburabyo, igiciro gito, gucunga neza, igiciro gito cyo gutunganya amazi yimyanda, yakoreshejwe cyane mubibaho byumuzunguruko, imitako, amashanyarazi hamwe nindi mirima.
Kwiyuhagira aside ya Pyrophosifike hamwe ninyongera zikwiye. Ikoreshwa mukibaho cyumuzunguruko. Nyamara, gutunganya amazi mabi biragoye, usibye isahani ya zinc alloy yo hasi, kugirango isimburwe no kwiyuhagira aside aside.
Isahani ya Nickel:
Ahanini kwiyuhagira acide sulfurike, kwiyuhagira Vaz nkuyihagarariye, igiciro gito cyo gukemura amasahani, imiyoborere yoroshye, ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda nogushushanya, kubice bya elegitoronike nibisabwa na electroforming, ubwogero bwa acide sulfenique hamwe na stress nkeya, guhindagurika cyane, gufunga neza hamwe na formulaire yibanze cyane, yasimbuye igice cyogeramo acide sulfurike.
Ibiranga gloss hamwe nuburinganire bwa nikel biterwa ahanini ninyongera ya nikel.
Inyongeramusaruro rusange ya nikel irashobora kugabanywa muri BRIGHTENER, CARRIER na WETTING agent. Inshuro nubunini bwamazi yongeweho biterwa nuburemere bwa substrate, ubunini bwifuzwa, hamwe nuburabyo bukenewe hamwe nuburinganire. Igisubizo cyo kubumba kigomba gusesengurwa no kongerwaho buri gihe kugirango gikomeze kwibanda kuri buri kintu mubisubizo byisahani kugirango ubungabunge ubwiza.
Gild:
Ahanini mubwogero bwa cyanide, igabanijwemo alkaline, itabogamye na aside. Usibye ion zahabu (bakunze kwita umunyu wa zahabu), igisubizo cyo kubumba kigomba kuba kirimo umunyu uyobora, umunyu uringaniye (umunyu wa buffer), gloss agent; Byongeye kandi, gloss agent irashobora kugabanywamo inyongeramusaruro ninyongeramusaruro.
Umunyu wa zahabu: potasiyumu ya zahabu ya cyanide, kugirango itange inyongera yimvura ya zahabu, iyo rero ushyizwemo zahabu, anode mubisanzwe anode idahwitse.
Umunyu uyobora: utanga ingaruka ziyobora mugisubizo cya plaque.
Kuringaniza umunyu uyobora: gutanga aside-shingiro mubwogero, ingaruka ziyobora.
Gloss agent (organic): gutanga gloss hamwe nuburinganire.
Gloss agent (alloy): itanga impinduka, amabara yo gukoresha.
Uburinganire bwubwiherero bwa alkaline nibyiza, kandi ntabwo byoroshye eutectoid hamwe nicyuma kimeze nkicyuma. Kwiyuhagira kutagira aho kubogamiye kurashobora gutorwa kugirango habeho amavuta. Kwiyuhagira aside irashobora kandi gukora ibishishwa bivanze, isahani yuzuye, hamwe nibintu byiza bifunga neza, gukomera hamwe no kwihanganira kwambara nibyiza cyane, bikwiranye nibisabwa bya elegitoroniki.
Gutunganya ibicuruzwa:
Igikorwa nyamukuru nyuma yubuvuzi ni ukumisha isahani no gukora igenzura rya nyuma. Rimwe na rimwe, igihangano gikeneye guhinduka cyangwa gusiga irangi nyuma ya electroplating kugirango gitange urwego rukingira.
Kuvura amafilime nuburyo bwo gutuma igifuniko kirwanya ibara ryangiza ndetse nisuri kugirango bidahumanya ibidukikije. Ariko rero, hagomba kwitonderwa kugirango wirinde ingorane zo kuvurwa nyuma. Benshi nyuma yo gutunganywa, bagomba kwemera gutera umunyu, ishingiro rya aside, ubushyuhe bwinshi nibindi bizamini, cyane cyane ibicuruzwa byibyuma byagaciro, ibisabwa biragenda bikomera.
Isuku:
Isuku nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mumazi mumashanyarazi. Nyuma ya buri kigega cyo gupakira, mubisanzwe hariho uburyo bwo gukaraba kugirango birinde ibice byo gutwarwa bitwara amazi asigaye mubindi bikorwa kandi bigatera umwanda.
