Zolumikizira mwamakonda ndizofala pamakina apamwamba kwambiri

Okonza nthawi zambiri amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zokhazikika pazogulitsa zawo zomaliza. Anthu ambiri amatchula kuti amatha kufotokoza chifukwa chake amatsatira zinthu zomwe zili pashelufu. Nthawi zina, komabe, palibe chinthu chokhazikika chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zamakonzedwe adongosolo ndipo kulumikizana kwachikhalidwe kapena kosinthidwa kumasankhidwa.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zolumikizira zosagwirizana ndizofala kwambiri kuposa momwe okonza ambiri amaganizira. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi 25% yazogulitsa za Samtec ndizinthu zomwe sizinali wamba, kuyambira zosintha zazing'ono zazinthu zomwe zilipo kale mpaka makina olumikizira atsopano. Zogulitsazi zimaphatikizapo makina othamanga kwambiri a board-to-board (sangweji), ma cable othamanga kwambiri, mapanelo a backplane ndi makina a chingwe, mapini awiri ndi ma socket systems, misonkhano yogwira ntchito (yotchedwa "mid-board optical transceivers" mu kalozera watsopano wa Samtec), ndi zolumikizira za RF ndi ma chingwe.

Okonza makina othamanga kwambiri (112 Gb / s mlingo wa data pa njira PAM4, 224 yomwe ikubwera) monga malo opangira deta, makompyuta apamwamba, zipangizo zoyesera zodzichitira, ndi kujambula kwachipatala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makina othamanga kwambiri kuti asamutse deta yambiri pa data yapamwamba. mitengo.

Ngakhale pali mitundu ingapo yama chingwe othamanga kwambiri, makasitomala ambiri amatchula zosinthidwa pazotsatira izi. Zosintha zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo mapangidwe a PCB opangira mapu a mapulogalamu enaake, kuyika zotchingira zodzitchinjiriza kuzungulira zingwe zapakatikati zokhota pang'ono, kapena kuwonjezera zilembo pazolumikizira ndi zingwe kuti muzindikire manambala agawo kapena kupereka malangizo, kutchula ochepa chabe mwa mazana omwe angathe. zosintha zomwe zitha kupangidwa.

Kusintha kwina kodziwika ndikusakaniza ndikugwirizanitsa mapeto 1 ndi mapeto a 2 ogwirizanitsa gawolo. Mwachitsanzo, cholumikizira chapatsogolo cha Flyover® QSFP-DD chimatha kuthetsedwa ku nambala iliyonse ya zolumikizira zamtundu wa 2 zoyikidwa pafupi ndi chip. Okonza amafunikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolumikizira zamakina olumikizirana kutsogolo, pakati, ndi kumbuyo.

Machitidwe odula kwambiri othamanga amafunikira mbadwo wotsatira wa zolumikizira zapamwamba. Komabe, opanga ambiri akukonzekera ntchito zambiri "zachindunji" monga makina opanga makina, ma robotiki, zinthu zophatikizika, ndi masomphenya ndi chitetezo. Mabokosiwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zachikhalidwe, monga zolumikizira masikweya (" zolumikizira ") ndi ma socket board. Mapangidwe osavuta a zinthu izi - Mzere mzere zotetezera pulasitiki ndi sanali yaying'ono centerlines (mwachitsanzo, 2.54 kapena 2.00mm ndi 1.00 kapena 0.80mm phula) - zimapangitsa zosintha kukhala zosavuta ndi mofulumira, choncho zotsika mtengo.

Zosintha zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo polarization yamitundu yambiri - zikhomo zochotsa - kulola ma keying, kuyenda kwa mpweya, mapu azizindikiro, ndi malo owonjezera otumizira mphamvu kapena mtunda wa creepage ndi chilolezo kuti akwaniritse chitetezo ndi malamulo. Opanga ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira mulingo wa bolodi akuyesera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za UL ndi CE 61800-5-1, zomwe zimatchula mtunda wa creepage ndi mtunda wa chilolezo cha giredi yakuthupi, magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso mulingo woipitsidwa.

Kusintha kwina kodziwika ndikuwonjezera kwa mayanidwe ndi mawonekedwe a polarization monga chishango, kulowetsa, ndi chithandizo cha pulagi akhungu, komanso kuphatikiza kwa mphamvu ndi zikhomo zazizindikiro kukhala cholumikizira chimodzi. Kuphatikiza mphamvu ndi zikhomo zamasiginecha kukhala cholumikizira chimodzi kumapulumutsa malo a PCB ndikuwongolera kulolerana kwamagulu olumikizirana.

Zolumikizira zambiri za board-to-board zimakhala ndi masinthidwe opangidwa mosamala kuti akwaniritse ntchito ya SI (signal integrity), yomwe imafunikira kutembenuka kwapang'onopang'ono kuti muchepetse phokoso lotulutsa kapena kumva phokoso. Ngati chitetezo chowonjezera chikufunika, cholumikizira chikhoza kutsekedwa mu chishango chakunja chachitsulo chomwe chimazungulira njira yonse yolumikizira mating kuti muchepetse zotsatira za EMI ndi EMC.

Electroplating ndi kusinthidwa kwina kofala; Izi zikuphatikizapo golide wolemera, siliva ndi palladium nickel, pakati pa ena. Okonza ambiri amafuna kuti azizungulira mokwera, kutetezedwa kumadera ovuta, kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka, komanso kutentha kwapamwamba.

Zolumikizira za RF ndi zomangira zingwe zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi. Zofunikira zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo zolumikizira zolumikizira zomwe zili pamizere yocheperako kapena yokhala ndi mapini osadziwika. Opanga nthawi zambiri amafunikira zolumikizira zathu za RF, monga MagnumRF™ kapena makina oyesa a Bullseye®, kuti akhale ndi mawerengedwe apadera, malo, ndi masanjidwe ake. Izi zitha kuwalola kuti achepetse kutalika kwa waya kapena kulumikiza cholumikizira pamalo ochepa pa PCB, kulola kuti cholumikizira chiyike pafupi ndi chip. Mawaya ofananira ndi magawo ndi zilembo ndizosinthanso za RF.

Zitsanzo zonse zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ndizosinthidwa kwa zolumikizira zomwe zilipo kale. Machitidwe ena amafunikira zolumikizira zatsopano, zomwe zingaphatikizepo zikhomo ndi zopondapo, zotsekera pulasitiki ndi nyumba, RF yachizolowezi, zitsulo, phukusi lapadera, zosungiramo nyumba ndi phukusi, ndi zina. Gwirani ntchito limodzi ndi cholumikizira chanu kuti mupange njira yabwino yolumikizirana kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito.