Masu haɗin al'ada sun zama gama gari a cikin manyan tsare-tsare
Masu ƙira sukan yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da daidaitattun haɗin kai a cikin samfuran su na ƙarshe. Yawancin mutane suna yin la'akari da yiwuwar amfani don bayyana dalilin da yasa suke tsayawa tare da daidaitattun samfuran da ba a kwance ba. Wani lokaci, duk da haka, babu wani daidaitaccen samfurin da ya dace da buƙatun ƙirar tsarin kuma ana zaɓin al'ada ko ingantaccen haɗin haɗin gwiwa.
Amfani da masu haɗin da ba daidai ba ya fi kowa fiye da yadda yawancin masu zanen kaya suke tunani. Misali, kusan kashi 25% na tallace-tallacen Samtec samfurori ne marasa daidaituwa, kama daga ƙananan gyare-gyaren samfuran da ake dasu zuwa sabbin hanyoyin haɗin kai gaba ɗaya. Waɗannan samfuran sun haɗa da tsarin jirgi mai sauri (sanwici), babban taro na kebul na USB, bangarori na baya da tsarin kebul, tsarin fil guda biyu da tsarin soket, majalissar igiyoyi masu aiki (wanda ake magana da su a matsayin "masu ɗaukar hoto na tsakiya" a cikin sabon jagorar gani na Samtec), da masu haɗin RF da taruka na USB.
Masu zane-zane na tsarin sauri (112 Gb / s bayanai akan kowane tashar PAM4, 224 mai zuwa) irin su cibiyoyin bayanai, supercomputers, kayan gwaji na atomatik, da kuma hotunan likita sukan yi amfani da babban taro na USB don canja wurin bayanai masu yawa a babban bayanai. rates.
Ko da yake akwai nau'ikan madaidaitan majalissar kebul mai sauri, abokan ciniki da yawa sun ƙididdige gyare-gyare ga waɗannan daidaitattun samfuran. gyare-gyare na gama-gari sun haɗa da ƙirar PCB na al'ada don taswirar fil don takamaiman aikace-aikace, sanya shingen kariya a kusa da ƙananan igiyoyin tagwaye-nau'i-nau'i, ko ƙara lakabi zuwa masu haɗawa da igiyoyi don gano lambobin ɓangaren ko samar da umarni, don suna kaɗan daga cikin ɗaruruwan yuwuwar. gyare-gyaren da za a iya yi.
Wani sanannen gyare-gyare shine haɗawa da daidaita ƙarshen 1 da ƙarshen 2 masu haɗin ɓangaren. Misali, Flyover® QSFP-DD mai haɗin gaban gaban panel za a iya ƙare zuwa kowane adadin manyan masu haɗa ƙarshen-2 da aka sanya kusa da guntu. Masu ƙira suna buƙatar nau'ikan masu haɗawa daban-daban don tsarin haɗin haɗin gwiwa na gaba, tsakiya, da na baya.
Yanke-baki babban tsarin sauri yana buƙatar ƙarni na gaba na manyan haɗe-haɗe. Koyaya, masana'antun da yawa suna ƙira don ƙarin aikace-aikacen "kai tsaye" kamar sarrafa kansa na masana'antu, injiniyoyi, samfuran da aka haɗa, da hangen nesa da tsarin tsaro. Waɗannan kwalaye sukan yi amfani da ƙarin hanyoyin haɗin kai na gargajiya na yau da kullun, kamar tashoshi mai murabba'i ("masu haɗawa") da allunan soket. A in mun gwada da sauki zane na wadannan kayayyakin - tsiri filastik insulators da wadanda ba kananan centerlines (misali, 2.54 ko 2.00mm tare da 1.00 ko 0.80mm farar) - sa gyare-gyare mai sauki kuma in mun gwada da sauri, sabili da haka m.
Shahararrun gyare-gyare sun haɗa da ɓangarorin fil masu yawa - cire fil - don ba da damar maɓalli, gudanawar iska, taswirar sigina, da ƙarin sarari don watsa wutar lantarki ko nisan rarrafe da sharewa don saduwa da aminci da ƙa'idodi. Yawancin masu zanen kaya da ke amfani da masu haɗin matakin allo suna ƙoƙarin saduwa da ƙayyadaddun UL da CE 61800-5-1, waɗanda ke ƙayyadad da nisa mai raɗaɗi da nisan sharewa don ƙimar kayan da aka bayar, ƙarfin aiki, da matakin gurɓatawa.
Wani sanannen gyare-gyare shine ƙari na daidaitawa da fasalulluka kamar garkuwa, shigo da kaya, da goyan bayan toshe makafi, gami da haɗin wutar lantarki da fitilun sigina a cikin mahaɗa guda ɗaya. Haɗa wutar lantarki da fitilun sigina cikin tsarin haɗin kai guda ɗaya yana adana sararin PCB kuma yana haɓaka juriya don daidaita ƙungiyoyi masu haɗawa.
Yawancin masu haɗin jirgi zuwa allo suna da tsararren sigina zuwa ƙasa don cimma aikin SI (daidaicin siginar), wanda ke buƙatar jujjuyawar yanayin ƙasa kaɗan don rage hayaniya mai haskakawa ko hankali ga hayaniya. Idan ana buƙatar ƙarin aikin garkuwa, ana iya lulluɓe mai haɗawa a cikin garkuwar ƙarfe ta waje wacce ke lulluɓe duk tsarin haɗin mating don rage tasirin EMI da EMC.
Electroplating wani gyare-gyare ne na kowa; Wannan ya haɗa da zinari mai nauyi, azurfa da palladium nickel, da sauransu. Yawancin masu zanen kaya suna nufin hawan hawan keke, kariya daga mummunan yanayi, girgiza da girgiza, da yanayin zafi mai girma.
Ana yawan gyara masu haɗin RF da taruka na kebul. Abubuwan buƙatun gama gari sun haɗa da masu haɗin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke kan manyan layukan tsakiya ko tare da ƙarancin adadin fil. Masu ƙira galibi suna buƙatar haɗin haɗin RF ɗin mu, kamar MagnumRF™ ko tsarin gwajin Bullseye®, don samun takamaiman ƙididdiga na matsayi, tazara, da shimfidu na al'ada. Wannan na iya ƙyale su su rage tsawon wayoyi ko kuma dace da mahaɗin zuwa cikin iyakataccen sarari akan PCB, yana barin mai haɗawa a sanya shi kusa da guntu. Wayoyin da suka dace da lokaci da lakabi suma gyare-gyaren RF ne na gama gari.
Duk misalan da aka kawo a sama gyare-gyare ne ga masu haɗin da ke akwai. Wasu tsarin suna buƙatar sabbin masu haɗawa gaba ɗaya, waɗanda ƙila sun haɗa da fil na al'ada da sassa na stamping, insulators na filastik da gidaje, RF na al'ada, ƙarfe, fakiti na musamman, gidaje na al'ada da fakiti, da ƙari. Yi aiki tare da mai ba da haɗin haɗin ku don ƙirƙirar ingantacciyar hanyar haɗin haɗin gwiwa don haɓaka aikin tsarin.